Difference between revisions of "EGR 224/Concept List/S23"

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** # of Nodes - 1 = number of ''independent'' voltage drops in the circuit
 
** # of Nodes - 1 = number of ''independent'' voltage drops in the circuit
  
 
+
== Lecture 2 - 1/13 - Electrical Quantities ==
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== Lecture 2 - 1/7 - Course Introduction, Nomenclature ==
 
 
* Electrical quantities (charge, current, voltage, power)
 
* Electrical quantities (charge, current, voltage, power)
* Circuit topology (parallel, series)
+
* Passive and Active Sign Convention
  
== Lecture 3 - 1/10- Voltage and Current; Power and Energy ==
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== Lecture 3 - 1/20 - Voltage and Current; Power and Energy ==
 
* Power redux
 
* Power redux
 
* Passive Sign Convention and Active Sign Convention and relation to calculating power absorbed and/or power delivered.
 
* Passive Sign Convention and Active Sign Convention and relation to calculating power absorbed and/or power delivered.
* Example of how to find $$i$$, $$v$$, and $$p_{\mathrm{abs}}$$
 
* $$i$$-$$v$$ characteristics of various elements (ideal independent voltage source, ideal independent current source, short circuit, open circuit, switch, resistor)
 
 
* Kirchhoff's Laws
 
* Kirchhoff's Laws
 +
* Example of how to find $$i$$, $$v$$, and $$p_{\mathrm{abs}}$$ using conservation equations
 +
* $$i$$-$$v$$ relationships of various elements (ideal independent voltage source, ideal independent current source, short circuit, open circuit, switch)
  
== Lecture 4 - 1/14 - Equivalents ==
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== Lecture 4 - 1/23 - Equivalents ==
 +
* $$i$$-$$v$$ relationship for resistors; resistance and conductance
 +
* $$i$$-$$v$$ for dependent (controlled) sources (VCVS, VCCS, CCVS, CCCS)
 
* Combining voltage sources in series; ability to move series items
 
* Combining voltage sources in series; ability to move series items
 
* Combining current sources in parallel; ability to move parallel items
 
* Combining current sources in parallel; ability to move parallel items
 
* Equivalent resistances
 
* Equivalent resistances
** series, parallel, and other (Delta-Wye)
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** series and parallel
 
** [[Examples/Req]]
 
** [[Examples/Req]]
  
== Lecture 5 - 1/21 - Voltage Division and Current Division ==
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== Lecture 5 - 1/27 - Voltage Division and Current Division ==
* Voltage division (actually covered during Lab 2)
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* Delta-Wye equivalencies (mainly refer to book)
 +
* Voltage Division
 
* Current Division
 
* Current Division
* Beginning of Node Voltage Method and label techniques
 
  
== Lecture 6 - 1/24 - Node Voltage Method ==
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== Lecture 6 - 1/30 - Node Voltage Method ==
* More NVM
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* NVM
* Start of Mesh Current Method
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** Examples in Resources / HW Support / HW 03 folder on Sakai
  
== Lecture 7 - 1/28 - Mesh and Branch Current Method ==
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== Lecture 7 - 2/3 - Mesh and Branch Current Method ==
* More MCM
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* BCM and MCM
* Branch Current Method
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** Examples in Resources / HW Support / HW 03 folder on Sakai
  
== Lecture 8 - 1/31 - Linearity and Superposition ==
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== Lecture 8 - 2/6 - Linearity and Superposition ==
 
* Definition of a linear system
 
* Definition of a linear system
 
* Examples of nonlinear systems and linear systems
 
* Examples of nonlinear systems and linear systems
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\end{align*}
 
\end{align*}
 
$$
 
$$
** Linear system examples (multiplicative constants, derivatives, integrals):
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:* Linear system examples (multiplicative constants, derivatives, integrals):
 
::$$\begin{align*}
 
::$$\begin{align*}
 
y(t)&=ax(t)\\
 
y(t)&=ax(t)\\
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** If there are dependent sources, you must keep them activated and solve for measurements each time
 
** If there are dependent sources, you must keep them activated and solve for measurements each time
  
== Lecture 9 - 2/4 - Thévenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits ==
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== Lecture 9 - 2/10 - Thévenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits ==
 
* Thévenin and Norton Equivalents
 
* Thévenin and Norton Equivalents
 
* Circuits with independent sources, dependent sources, and resistances can be reduced to a single source and resistance from the perspective of any two nodes
 
* Circuits with independent sources, dependent sources, and resistances can be reduced to a single source and resistance from the perspective of any two nodes
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** If there are both independent sources and dependent sources, solve for $$v_{oc}=v_T$$ first, then put a short circuit between the terminals and solve for $$i_{sc}=i_N$$.  Recall that $$v_T=R_Ti_N$$
 
** If there are both independent sources and dependent sources, solve for $$v_{oc}=v_T$$ first, then put a short circuit between the terminals and solve for $$i_{sc}=i_N$$.  Recall that $$v_T=R_Ti_N$$
 
** If there are '''only''' dependent sources, you have to activate the circuit with an external source.
 
** If there are '''only''' dependent sources, you have to activate the circuit with an external source.
 
+
<!--
== Lecture 10 - 2/7 - Capacitors and Inductors ==
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== Lecture 10 - 2/10 - Capacitors and Inductors ==
 
* Intro to capacitors and inductors
 
* Intro to capacitors and inductors
 
* Basic physical models
 
* Basic physical models

Latest revision as of 16:03, 9 October 2023

The notes below are not meant to be comprehensive but rather to capture the general topics of covered during lectures in EGR 224 for Spring 2023. These notes are in no way a replacement for actively attending class.

Lecture 1 - 1/11 - Course Introduction, Nomenclature

  • Main web page at http://classes.pratt.duke.edu/EGR224S23/
  • Circuit terms (Element, Circuit, Path, Branch and Essential Branch, Node and Essential Node, Loop and Mesh).
  • Accounting:
    • # of Elements * 2 = total number of voltages and currents that need to be found using brute force method
    • # of Essential Branches = number of possibly-different currents that can be measured
    • # of Meshes = number of independent currents in the circuit (or generally Elements - Nodes + 1 for planar and non-planar circuits)
    • # of Nodes - 1 = number of independent voltage drops in the circuit

Lecture 2 - 1/13 - Electrical Quantities

  • Electrical quantities (charge, current, voltage, power)
  • Passive and Active Sign Convention

Lecture 3 - 1/20 - Voltage and Current; Power and Energy

  • Power redux
  • Passive Sign Convention and Active Sign Convention and relation to calculating power absorbed and/or power delivered.
  • Kirchhoff's Laws
  • Example of how to find $$i$$, $$v$$, and $$p_{\mathrm{abs}}$$ using conservation equations
  • $$i$$-$$v$$ relationships of various elements (ideal independent voltage source, ideal independent current source, short circuit, open circuit, switch)

Lecture 4 - 1/23 - Equivalents

  • $$i$$-$$v$$ relationship for resistors; resistance and conductance
  • $$i$$-$$v$$ for dependent (controlled) sources (VCVS, VCCS, CCVS, CCCS)
  • Combining voltage sources in series; ability to move series items
  • Combining current sources in parallel; ability to move parallel items
  • Equivalent resistances

Lecture 5 - 1/27 - Voltage Division and Current Division

  • Delta-Wye equivalencies (mainly refer to book)
  • Voltage Division
  • Current Division

Lecture 6 - 1/30 - Node Voltage Method

  • NVM
    • Examples in Resources / HW Support / HW 03 folder on Sakai

Lecture 7 - 2/3 - Mesh and Branch Current Method

  • BCM and MCM
    • Examples in Resources / HW Support / HW 03 folder on Sakai

Lecture 8 - 2/6 - Linearity and Superposition

  • Definition of a linear system
  • Examples of nonlinear systems and linear systems
    • Nonlinear system examples (additive constants, powers other than 1, trig):
$$\begin{align*} y(t)&=x(t)+1\\ y(t)&=(x(t))^n, n\neq 1\\ y(t)&=\cos(x(t)) \end{align*} $$
  • Linear system examples (multiplicative constants, derivatives, integrals):
$$\begin{align*} y(t)&=ax(t)\\ y(t)&=\frac{d^nx(t)}{dt^n}\\ y(t)&=\int x(\tau)~d\tau \end{align*} $$
  • Superposition
    • Redraw the circuit as many times as needed to focus on each independent source individually
    • If there are dependent sources, you must keep them activated and solve for measurements each time

Lecture 9 - 2/10 - Thévenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

  • Thévenin and Norton Equivalents
  • Circuits with independent sources, dependent sources, and resistances can be reduced to a single source and resistance from the perspective of any two nodes
  • Equivalents are electrically indistinguishable from one another
  • Several ways to solve:
    • If there are only independent sources, turn independent sources off and find $$R_{eq}$$ between terminals of interest to get $$R_{T}$$. Then find $$v_{oc}=v_{T}$$ and recall that $$v_T=R_Ti_N$$
    • If there are both independent sources and dependent sources, solve for $$v_{oc}=v_T$$ first, then put a short circuit between the terminals and solve for $$i_{sc}=i_N$$. Recall that $$v_T=R_Ti_N$$
    • If there are only dependent sources, you have to activate the circuit with an external source.